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: ''for the civilian airport, see Lawrenceville-Vincennes International Airport'' : ''for the United States Air Force base, see: George Air Force Base'' George Army Airfield is a former World War II military airfield, located 5 miles east-northeast of Lawrenceville, Illinois. It operated as an advanced pilot training school for the United States Army Air Forces from 1942 until 1945. ==History== George Army Airfield was authorized by the United States Army Air Corps in April 1942 as part of the expansion of pilot training bases by the Air Corps Flying Training Command as part of the 70,000 Pilot Training Program. It was one of many air fields created in the country’s interior during the war. Construction of the facility began in June.〔(A History of George Field Part 1 )〕 The airfield consisted of four main 5,200 ft concrete and asphalt runways, aligned 01/19; 05/23; 09/27 and 13/31.〔(Military Airfields in WW2 )〕 In addition to the main airfield, four axillary fields were constructed to support the training mission. Those were located as follows * George AAF Auxiliary #1 (Presbyterian Field, Mount Carmel IL) * George AAF Auxiliary #2 (Emison Field, Vincennes, IN) * George AAF Auxiliary #3 (St. Thomas, IN) * George AAF Auxiliary #4 (Palestine, IL) Additional airfields used by George AAF for training were Atterbury Army Airfield, Indiana, and Sturgis Army Airfield, Kentucky, beginning in 1944 for combat troop carrier training.〔 Initially named “Lawrence Army Flying School”, the name was changed to honor General Harold H. George, who was killed in a ground accident at Batchelor Field, southeast of Darwin, Australia on 29 April 1942.〔 He was killed when a Curtiss P-40 of the 49th Fighter Group lost directional control on take off and struck the parked Lockheed C-40 in which the General had just arrived at the base after escaping from the Philippines.〔(Australia in World War II )〕 General George had joined the Air Service, United States Army in 1917, and flew with the 139th Aero Squadron on the Western Front in France. In combat, he was credited with five aerial victories.〔(Harold Huston George )〕 The school was opened on 10 August 1942 under the USAAF Eastern Flying Training Command, its mission to provide advanced (3d phase) pilot training in twin-engined aircraft.〔Manning, Thomas A. (2005), History of Air Education and Training Command, 1942–2002. Office of History and Research, Headquarters, AETC, Randolph AFB, Texas ASIN: B000NYX3PC〕 Training was conducted by the 30th Two Engine Flying Training Group 〔(AFHRA Document 00147618 )〕 using the Beechcraft AT-10 Wichita. Planes from George AAF were fuselage-coded "GE".〔(FLIGHT TRAINING FIELD FUSELAGE CODES of WORLD WAR II )〕 Until the summer of 1944, George AAF received cadets that had graduated from advanced flying training schools, primarily in the southeast and provided them upgrade training to twin engine aircraft. These pilots would go on to fly primarily medium bombers and transport planes after completing their training.〔 In late May 1943, severe flooding occurred in the Lawrence County area as a result of two weeks of almost ceaseless rain. George Army Airfield began to flood, causing the students and staff of the field to halt training and begin sandbagging the station area. It was impossible to get to either Lawrenceville or Vincennes, Indiana from the airfield except by boat when the levee broke on the Wabash River. Victory over the flood was celebrated at the Field with a holiday on 12 June.〔(A History of George Field Part 2 )〕 By the summer of 1944, the need for C-47 Skytrain transport pilots was critical and Training Command transferred George AAF to I Troop Carrier Command.〔 The last Training Command class graduated on 4 August, and training activities were terminated on 15 August and jurisdiction was transferred.〔(AFHRA Document 00172457 )〕 A change of mission was made and George Field was placed under the 805th Army Air Force Base Unit.〔(AFHRA Document 00172469 )〕 Its training squadrons began training pilots for paratrooper drops and towing gliders. It also trained crews in combat re-supply and casualty evacuation procedures from rough forward airfields in the combat areas to hospitals in rear areas.〔(Welcome to Historic George Field, IL )〕 In February 1945, training was changed from the C-47 to C-46 Commando transports. With the end of World War II, training ended at George Army Airfield on 1 September 1945.〔(AFHRA Document 00185248 )〕 and the field was placed on standby status. It was turned over to Air Technical Service Command (ATSC). ATSC's mission was to remove all usable military equipment from the property and dispose of items which no longer had a useful need. Like many other surplus airfields around the country, public sales were held to offer the material to the public. It was declared excess by the Army in 1946. George Field was conveyed though the War Assets Administration (WAA) to the City of Lawrenceville, Illinois on 16 November 1948 to establish a municipal airport.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Army Airfield」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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